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FNI FOCAL POINTS OF RESEARCH

Polar and Russian Politics

Polar regionsResearch on international law and political cooperation in the polar regions, and research on politics and resource management in the Russian North, have deep roots at the Fridtjof Nansen Institute.

Norwegian-Russian relations in the High North are a major focus of current FNI research, with emphasis on environment, energy, fisheries, marine transport, health, security and jurisdictional issues.

FNI research on Russia also includes studies of federal Russian policies, especially on environment, energy and fisheries, as well as developments in other parts of Russia and other post-Soviet states.

In addition to this, FNI continues to follow Arctic-related processes and cooperation both at circumpolar and regional levels.

FNI also maintains a bipolar perspective with studies of the Antarctic Treaty System cooperation, currently focusing on fisheries management and bioprospecting.


Selected ongoing projects:
 Federal Russian Politics: Modernizing Northern Economies (FEDRUP).
 Russian Climate Policy: Domestic Dynamics and International Ramifications.
 Civil-Military Relations in the High North.
 Drivers of Change in Circumpolar Tundra Ecosystems (TUNDRA)
 Russian and Caspian Energy Developments and Their Implications for Norway and Norwegian Actors (RUSSCASP).
 How to Understand Russian Foreign Policy in the High North: Perceptions, Rhetoric, Room for Manoeuvre.
 Geopolitics in the High North: Climate Change, Energy Development, and Environmental Protection.
 Norwegian Maritime Boundaries and the Rule of International Law.
 Strategic Resources and Security in the High North – Challenges for Norway.
 Post-Agreement Bargaining in the Barents Sea Fisheries: Strategies for Coping with Overfishing.
 The Pechenga-Nikel Combine 1934-2004.
 Environmental Rights in Armenia.

Selected past projects:
 Borderland Russians: Identity, Narrative and International Relations (2009-2010).
 Climate Change and New Security Threats in the Arctic (2009-2010).
 Assessment of Russian Barents Sea Cod and Haddock Fisheries (2009-2010).
 International Collaboration in the Arctic (2003-2009).
 Joint Implementation in the CIS: Market, Projects and Barriers (2007-2008).
 Arctic Shipping Guidelines: From Voluntary to Mandatory Tool for Environmental Protection and Navigation Safety? (2006-2007).
 Parallel Norwegian-Russian Audit Regarding the Management of the Fish Resources of the Barents Sea (2006-2007).
 Nordic Council of Ministers' Arctic Co-operation 2003-05: An Evaluation (2006-2007).
 The History of the Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission (2005-2007).
 Antarctic Treaty System for the 21st Century (2001-2002).
 International Northern Sea Route Programme (INSROP) (1993-1999).


Researchers:
Geir Hønneland (Research Professor)
Leif Christian Jensen (Research Fellow)
Øystein Jensen (Research Fellow)
Anne-Kristin Jørgensen (Research Fellow)
Anna Korppoo (Senior Research Fellow)
Arild Moe (Senior Research Fellow)
Svein Vigeland Rottem (Senior Research Fellow) – contact person Russia/Arctic
Lars Rowe (Research Fellow)
Pål Wilter Skedsmo (Research Fellow)
Olav Schram Stokke (Research Professor)
Davor Vidas (Research Professor) – contact person Antarctica



Selected FNI publications, Polar and Russian politics:

> Books
> Articles and reports
> Commentary articles


Books

Hønneland, Geir, Arktiske utfordringer ('Arctic Challenges'). Kristiansand, Høyskoleforlaget, 2012, 139 p. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, Russia and the West: Environmental co-operation and conflict. Paperback edition. London and New York, Routledge, 2011, 208 p.

Skedsmo, Pål Wilter, Russisk sivilsamfunn og norske hjelpere ('Russian Civil Society and its Norwegian Benefactors'). Trondheim, Tapir Academic Press, 2010, 100 p. In Norwegian.

Jørgensen, Jørgen Holten, Russisk svalbardpolitikk: Svalbard sett fra den andre siden ('Russian Politics on Spitsbergen: Spitsbergen Seen from the Other Side'). Trondheim, Tapir Academic Press, 2010, 100 p. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, Borderland Russians: Identity, Narrative and International Relations. Basingstoke/New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2010, 184 p.

Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. Paperback edition. London, Routledge, 2010, 196 p.

Stokke, Olav Schram, A Disaggregate Approach to International Regime Effectiveness: The Case of Barents Sea Fisheries. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo. Oslo, Unipub, 2010, 276 p.

Hønneland, Geir and Lars Rowe, Nordområdene – hva nå? ('The High North – What Now?'). Trondheim, Tapir Academic Press, 2010, 120 p. In Norwegian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, Hva forsvarer Norge? Det norske forsvarets møte med en ny virkelighet ('What is Norway Defending? The Norwegian Defence'e Encounter With a New Reality'). Doctoral dissertation, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tromsø. Tromsø, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tromsø, 2009, 193 p.

Hønneland, Geir and Lars Rowe, Fra svarte skyer til helleristninger: Norsk-russisk miljøvernsamarbeid gjennom 20 år ('From Dark Skies to Rock Carvings: 20 Years of Norwegian-Russian Environmental Cooperation'). Trondheim, Tapir Academic Press, 2008, 186 p. In Norwegian.

Andresen, Steinar, Elin Lerum Boasson and Geir Hønneland (eds), Internasjonal miljøpolitikk ('International Environmental Politics'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2008, 210 p. In Norwegian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, Geir Hønneland and Leif Christian Jensen, Småstat og energistormakt: Norges sikkerhetspolitiske rolle i nord ('Small State and Energy Great Power: Norway's Security-Policy Role in the High North'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2008, 136 p. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir and Leif Christian Jensen, Den nye nordområdepolitikken: Barentsbilder etter årtusenskiftet ('The New Norwegian Politics in the High North: Barents Images after the Turn of the Millennium'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2008, 177 p. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, Bor'ba za kvoty i solidarnost' pribrezhnykh gosudarstv: 30-letnaya istoriya rossiysko-norvezhskogo sotrudnichestva v oblasti upravlenia rybolovstvom ('Quota Battle and Coastal State Solidarity: Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Management through 30 Years'). Murmansk, PINRO Press, 2007, 188 p. In Russian.

Rowe, Lars and Geir Hønneland (eds), Russlandsbilder: Nye debattinnlegg om naboskap i nordområdene ('Images of Russia: New Contributions to the Debate about Neighbourhood in the High North'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2007, 114 p. In Norwegian.

Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. London, Routledge, 2007, 196 p.

Hønneland, Geir and Jørgen Holten Jørgensen, Moderne russisk politik: En indføring i Ruslands politiske system ('Contemporary Russian Politics: An Introduction to Russia's Political System'). Copenhagen, Forlaget Samfundslitteratur, 2007, 168 p. In Danish.

Vidas, Davor (ed), Protecting the Polar Marine Environment. Law and Policy for Pollution Prevention. Paperback edition. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2007, 276 p.

Hønneland, Geir, Kvotekamp og kyststatssolidaritet: Norsk-russisk fiskeriforvaltning gjennom 30 år ('Quota Battles and Coast State Solidarity: 30 Years of Norwegian-Russian Fishery Management'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2006, 152 p. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir and Jørgen Holten Jørgensen, Moderne russisk politikk. ('Contemporary Russian Politics'). Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2006, 168 p. In Norwegian.

Blakkisrud, Helge and Geir Hønneland (eds), Tackling Space: Federal Politics and the Russian North. Lanham (MD) and Oxford, University Press of America, 2005, 222 p.

Hønneland, Geir, Barentsbrytninger. Norsk nordområdepolitikk etter den kalde krigen. ('Barents Breaking. Norwegian Foreign Policy in the North after the Cold War'). Kristiansand, Høyskoleforlaget, 2005. 190 p. In Norwegian.



Articles and reports

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Environmental Security in the Arctic: The Case for Multi-Level Governance'. International Journal, Vol 64, No 4, 2011, pp. 835-848.

Korppoo, Anna, and Olga Gassan-zade, Dangers of the Endgame: Engaging Russia and Ukraine during the Gap, FNI Climate Policy Perspectives 2. Lysaker, FNI, 2011, 8 p.

Jensen, Leif Christian, 'Norwegian petroleum extraction in Arctic waters to save the environment: introducing ‘discourse co-optation’ as a new analytical term', Critical Discourse Studies, Vol 9, No 1, 2012, pp. 29-38.

Moe, Arild, Daniel Fjærtoft and Indra Øverland, 'Space and Timing: 'Why was the Barents Sea Delimitation Dispute Resolved in 2010?' Polar Geography, Vol 34, No 3, 2011, pp. 145-162.

Fauchald, Ole Kristian, 'Regulatory Frameworks for Maritime Transport in the Arctic: Will a Polar Code Contribute to Resolve Conflicting Interests?' In John Grue and Roy H. Gabrielsen (eds), Marine Transport in the High North. Oslo, Novus Forlag, 2011, pp. 73-91.

Skedsmo, Pål Wilter, Evaluering av samarbeidet mellom LO og FNPR 2001-2010 ('Evaluation of Co-operation Between LO and FNPR 2001-2010'). FNI Report 05/2011. Lysaker, FNI, 2011, 33 p. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild, 'Energeticheskie strategii Rossii i Norvegii v Barentsevom more' ('Russian and Norwegian Energy Strategies in the Barents Sea'). In N.A. Simoniya (ed), Arktika - Interesy Rossii: Energetika, Ekologiya. Moscow, EkoPolitika, 2011, pp. 71-104. In Russian.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Interplay Management, Niche Selection, and Arctic Environmental Governance'. In Sebastian Oberthür and Olav Schram Stokke (eds), Managing Institutional Complexity: Regime Interplay and Global Environmental Change. Cambridge (USA), MIT Press, 2011, pp. 143-170.

Kvello, Jon Sigurd Sjursen, Tillit i samarbeidsrelasjoner: En casestudie av tre norsk-russiske samarbeidsprosjekter ('Trust in Cooperative Relationships: A Case Study of Three Norwegian-Russian Cooperative Projects'). FNI Report 06/2011. Lysaker, FNI, 2011, 89 p. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Leif Christian and Geir Hønneland, 'Framing the High North: Public Discourses in Norway after 2000'. Acta Borealia, Vol 8, No 1, 2011, pp. 37-54.

Jensen, Leif Christian, Øystein Jensen and Svein Vigeland Rottem, 'Norwegian Foreign Policy in the High North: Energy, International Law and Security'. Atlantisch Perspectief, Vol 35, No 3, 2011, pp. 15-19.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Kompromiss als Routine: Russisch-Norwegische Konfliktlösung in der Barentssee' ('Compromise as Routine: Russian-Norwegian Conflict Resolution in the Barents Sea'). In 'Logbuch Arktis', Osteuropa, Vol 61, Nos 2-3, 2011, pp. 257-269. In German.

Southall, Tristan, Paul Medley, Geir Hønneland, Paul MacIntyre and Martin Gill, MSC Sustainable Fisheries Certification: The Barents Sea Cod & Haddock Fisheries. Inverness (Scotland), Food Certification International, 2010. 188 pp.

Brubaker, R. Douglas, 'The Arctic - Navigational Issues under International Law of the Sea'. The Yearbook of Polar Law, Vol 2, 2010, pp. 7-114.

Hønneland, Geir, 'East-West Collaboration in the European North: Structures and Perceptions'. International Journal, Vol 65, No 4, 2010, pp. 837-850.

Moe, Arild, 'Russian and Norwegian Petroleum Strategies in the Barents Sea'. Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol 1, No 2, 2010, pp. 225-248.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Barents Sea Fisheries: The IUU Struggle', Arctic Review on Law and Politics, Vol 1, No 2, 2010, pp. 207-224.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Current Legal Developments, The Barents Sea: Treaty between Norway and the Russian Federation concerning Maritime Delimitation and Cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean'. International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, Vol 26, No 1, 2011, pp. 151-168.

Moe, Arild and Øystein Jensen, Opening of New Arctic Shipping Routes. Standard Briefing. Brussels, Directorate-General for External Policies of the Union, European Parliament, 2010, 16p.

Jensen, Øystein, Norway's Outer Continental Shelf Limits in the Arctic. Security Brief 4-2010. Oslo, The Norwegian Atlantic Committe, 4 p.

Jensen, Øystein and Svein Vigeland Rottem, International Law and Security Policy Perspectives in Norway's Northern Sea Areas. Security Brief 3-2010. Oslo, The Norwegian Atlantic Committe, 4 p.

Moe, Arild, 'Russisk rulett' ('Russian Roulette'). In Arbo, Peter and Bjørn Hersoug (eds), Oljevirksomhetens inntog i nord: Næringsutvikling, politikk og samfunn. Oslo, Gyldendal Akademisk, 2010, pp. 282-304. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Leif Christian, 'Norsk oljeboring for å hjelpe miljøet: Diskurskooptering som nytt analytisk begrep' ('Norwegian Oil Drilling to Help the Environment: Introducing "Discourse Cooptation" as a New Analytical Term'). Norsk Statsvitenskapelig Tidsskrift, Vol 26, No 3, 2010, pp. 185-203. In Norwegian.

Røland, Tonje Hulbak, Associated Petroleum Gas in Russia: Reasons for Non-utilization. FNI Report 13/2010. Lysaker, FNI, 2010, 53 p.

Skagestad, Odd Gunnar, The 'High North': An Elastic Concept in Norwegian Arctic Policy. FNI Report 10/2010. Lysaker, FNI, 2010, 22 p.

Brubaker, R. Douglas and Claes Lykke Ragner, 'A Review of the International Northern Sea Route Program (INSROP) – 10 Years on'. Polar Geography, Vol 33, Nos 1-2, 2010, pp. 15-38.

Tvedt, Morten Walløe, 'Patent law and bioprospecting in Antarctica'. Polar Record, Vol 47, No 1, 2010, pp. 46-55.

Jørgensen, Anne-Kristin, 'Tendentsii v rossiyskom rybolovstve' ('Developments in Russian Fisheries'). EKO, No 5, 2010, pp. 58-75. In Russian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, 'Klima og sikkerhet i Arktis' ('Climate and Security in the Arctic'). Internasjonal Politikk, Vol 68, No 2, 2010, pp. 183-204. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Leif Christian and Pål Wilter Skedsmo. 'Approaching the North: Norwegian and Russian Foreign Policy Discourses on the European Arctic'. Polar Research, Vol 29, 2010, pp. 439-450.

Rowe, Lars and Geir Hønneland, 'Norge og Russland: Tilbake til normaltilstanden' ('Norway and Russia: Back to Normality'). Nordisk Østforum, Vol 24, No 2, 2010, pp. 133-147. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir and Lars Rowe, 'Hva er nordområdepolitikk? Utfordringer innenrikspolitisk, i nærområdene og globalt' ('High North Politics: What Is It? Domestic, Regional and Global Challenges'). Plan, No 2, 2010, pp. 10-15. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild and Valery Kryukov, 'Oil Exploration in Russia: Prospects for Reforming a Crucial Sector'. Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol 51, No 3, 2010, pp. 312-329.

Jensen, Leif Christian, Øystein Jensen and Svein Vigeland Rottem, 'Sitting on Top of the World: The Arctic Seen through Norwegian Lenses'. In Viviane du Castel (ed), Le Grand Nord: Un nouvel enjeu trés courtisé. L'exemple de la mer de Barents, Norvége. Paris, L'Harmattan, 2010, pp. 19-30.

Kjærnet, Heidi, 'The State Oil Company SOCAR: A Microcosm of Azerbaijani Development?', Caucasus Analytical Digest, No 16, April 2010, pp. 5-8.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Towards Setting the Outer Limits of the Continental Shelf in the Arctic: On the Norwegian Submission and Recommendations of the Commission'. In Davor Vidas (ed), Law, Technology and Science for Oceans in Globalisation – IUU Fishing, Oil Pollution, Bioprospecting, Outer Continental Shelf. Leiden/Boston, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2010, pp. 519-538.

Offerdal, Kristine, 'Arctic Energy in EU Policy: Arbitrary Interest in the Norwegian High North'. Arctic, Vol 63, No 1, 2010, pp. 30-42.

Aasen, Pål Jakob, The Law of Maritime Delimitation and the Russian-Norwegian Maritime Boundary Dispute. FNI Report 1/2010. Lysaker, FNI, 2010, 77 p.

Stabrun, Kristoffer, The Grey Zone Agreement of 1978: Fishery Concerns, Security Challenges and Territorial Interests. FNI Report 13/2009. Lysaker, FNI, 2009, 43 p.

Whist, Bendik Solum, 'Nord Stream: A Litmus Test for Intra-EU Solidarity?'. In Kasekamp, Andres (ed), Estonian Foreign Policy Yearbook 2009. Tallinn, Estonian Foreign Policy Institute, 2009, pp. 75-122.

Brubaker, R. Douglas, 'Nuclear Transport along the Northern Route and Nuclear Waste Dumping in the Barents and Kara Seas'. In Caron, D.D. and H.N. Scheiber (eds), The Oceans in the Nuclear Age – Legacies and Risks. Leiden, The Netherlands, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2010, pp. 467-505.

Jensen, Øystein and Svein Vigeland Rottem. 'The Politics of Security and International Law in Norway's Arctic Waters'. Polar Record, Vol 46, 2010, pp. 75-83.

Johansen, Roger, Russland - En elefant i glassmagasinet? Russiske gassrelasjoner med Ukraina ('Russia - an Elephant in the China Shop? Russian Gas Relations with Ukraine'). FNI Report 12/2009. Lysaker, FNI, 2009, 84 p. In Norwegian.

Grindheim, Astrid, The Scramble for the Arctic? A Discourse Analysis of Norway and the EU's Strategies Towards the European Arctic. FNI Report 9/2009. Lysaker, FNI, 2009, 51 p.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Protecting the Arctic Environment: The Interplay of Global and Regional Regimes'. The Yearbook of Polar Law, Vol 1, 2009, pp. 349-370.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Kontinentalsokkelkrav i Polhavet: alminnelig havrett eller folkerett sui generis?' ('Continental Shelf Claims in the Arctic Ocean: International Law Sui Generis?'). Lov og Rett, Vol 48, No 7, 2009, pp. 406-424. In Norwegian.

Jørgensen, Anne-Kristin, 'Recent Developments in the Russian Fisheries Sector'. In Wilson Rowe, Elana (ed), Russia and the North. Ottawa, University of Ottawa Press, 2009, pp. 87-106.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Cross-Border Cooperation in the North: The Case of Northwest Russia'. In Wilson Rowe, Elana (ed), Russia and the North. Ottawa, University of Ottawa Press, 2009, pp. 35-52.

Moe, Arild and Elana Wilson Rowe, 'Northern Offshore Oil and Gas Resources: Policy Challenges and Approaches'. In Wilson Rowe, Elana (ed), Russia and the North. Ottawa, University of Ottawa Press, 2009, pp. 107-128.

Whist, Bendik Solum, 'Nord Stream – A Solution or Challenge for the EU?' In Liuhto, Kari (ed), The EU-Russia Gas Connection: Pipes, Politics and Problems. Electronic Publications of Pan-European Institute 8/2009. Turku, Turku School of Economics, 2009, pp. 166-203.

Klick, Matthew T., The Political Economy of Corporate Social Responsibility and Community Development: A Case Study of Norway's Snøhvit Natural Gas Complex. FNI Report 1/2009. Lysaker, FNI, 2009, 65 p.

Offerdal, Kristine, 'The European Arctic in US Foreign Energy Policy: The Case of the Norwegian High North'. Polar Record, Vol 45, 2009, pp. 59-72.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Kontinentalsokkelens avgrensning utenfor 200 nautiske mil: Norske og russiske perspektiver i de nordlige havområder' ('Continental Shelf Delimitation Beyond 200 Nautical Miles: Norwegian and Russian Perspectives in the High North'). Internasjonal Politikk, Vol 66, No 4, 2008, pp. 563-589. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Framtiden for fisken i Barentshavet – norsk-russisk politikk i kulissene' ('The Future of the Barents Sea Fish – Norwegian-Russian Politics behind the Scenes'). In P2-akademiet, Vol XXXX. Oslo, Transit, 2008, pp. 30-39. In Norwegian.

Aasjord, Bente and Geir Hønneland, 'Hvem kan telle "den fisk under vann"? Kunnskapsstrid i russisk havforskning' ('Who Can Count "the Fish under Water"? Knowledge Dispute in Russian Ocean Research'). Nordisk Østforum, Vol 22, No 4, 2008, pp. 289-312. In Norwegian.

Rowe, Lars, 'Det brysomme nikkelverket' ('The Troublesome Nickel Plant'). Fortid, Vol 5, No 4, 2008, pp. 23-28. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild, 'The Russian Barents Sea: Openings for Norway?' In Gottemoeller, R. and R. Tamnes (eds), High North: High Stakes. Bergen, Fagbokforlaget, 2008, pp. 75-85.

Korppoo, Anna and Olga Gassan-zade, Joint Implementation: Looking back and forward. London, Climate Strategies, 2008, 35 p.

Whist, Bendik Solum, Nord Stream: Not Just a Pipeline. An Analysis of the Political Debates in the Baltic Sea Region Regarding the Planned Gas Pipeline from Russia to Germany. FNI Report 15/2008. Lysaker, FNI, 2008, 77 p.

Raaen, Håvard Figenschou, Hydrocarbons and Jurisdictional Disputes in the High North: Explaining the Rationale of Norway's High North Policy. FNI Report 11/2008. Lysaker, FNI, 2008, 80 p.

Skedsmo, Pål Wilter, Evaluering av støtteordningen 'Demokratimidlene' ('Evaluation of the 'Democracy Funds''). FNI Report 8/2008. Lysaker, FNI, 2008, 51 p. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild and Lars Rowe, Petroleum Activity in the Russian Barents Sea: Constraints and Options for Norwegian Offshore and Shipping Companies. FNI Report 7/2008. Lysaker, FNI, 2008, 26 p.

Offerdal, Kristine, 'Det norske nordområdeinitiativet og USA: Utenriks- eller energipolitikk?' ('The Norwegian High North Initiative and USA: Foreign or Energy Policy?'). Internasjonal Politikk, Vol 66, Nos 2-3, 2008, pp. 349-372. In Norwegian.

Korppoo, Anna and Arild Moe, 'Joint Implementation in Ukraine: National Benefits and Implications for Further Climate Pacts'. Climate Policy, Vol 8, No 3, 2008, pp. 305-316.

Aasjord, Bente and Geir Hønneland, 'Hvem kan telle den fisk under vann? En analyse av aktører og drivkrefter i norsk-russisk fiskeriforskningssamarbeid' ('Who Can Count the Fish under Water? An analysis of Actors and Driving Forces in Norwegian-Russian Cooperation on Fisheries Research'). HBO-rapport 3/2008. Bodø, Bodø University College, 2008. 76 p, In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Kooperation an der Barentssee. Umweltschutz zwischen Russland und Norwegen' ('Cooperation on the Barents Sea: Environmental Protection between Russia and Norway'). Osteuropa, Vol 58, Nos 4-5, 2008, pp. 447-457. In German.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Fisheries Inspection and Enforcement - An Introduction'. In Skogrand, Kjetil (ed): Emerging from the Frost: Security in the 21st Century Arctic. Oslo Files on Defence and Security No 2, 2008, pp. 57-62.

Korppoo, Anna and Arild Moe, Russian Gas Pipeline Projects under Track 2: Case Study of the Dominant Project Type. Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2008, 16 p.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Arctic Shipping Guidelines: Towards a Legal Regime for Navigation Safety and Environmental Protection?'. Polar Record, Vol 44, No 2, 2008, pp. 107-114.

Korppoo, Anna, JI Approval System in Ukraine: Outline and Experiences. Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2008, 9 p.

Korppoo, Anna, Typical JI Projects in Ukraine: Three Case Studies. Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2008, 13 p.

Ragner, Claes Lykke, 'Den norra sjövägen' ('The Northern Sea Route'). In Hallberg, Torsten (ed), Barents – ett gränsland i Norden ('The Barents – A Nordic Borderland'). Stockholm, Arena Norden, 2008, pp. 114-127. In Swedish and English.

Moe, Arild, 'Sannsynlige utviklingstrekk i Russlands olje- og gasspolitikk i årene som kommer, og deres betydning for norske energiinteresser' ('Probable Developments in Russia's Oil and Gas Policy in the Coming Years and Their Significance for Norwegian Energy Interests'). In Globale Norge: Hva nå? Energipolitiske interesser og utfordringer ('Global Norway: What Now? Energy Interests and Energy Challenges'). Oslo, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2007, pp. 53-58. In Norwegian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, 'The Ambivalent Ally: Norway in the New NATO'. Contemporary Security Policy, Vol 28, No 3, 2007, pp. 619-638.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Internasjonale utfordringer for marine ressurser' ('International Challenges Concerning Marine Resources'). In Globale Norge: Hva nå? Norske miljø- og ressursinteresser i en globalisert verden ('Global Norway: What Now? Norwegian Environmental and Resource Interests in a Globalized World'). Oslo, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2007, pp. 49-58. In Norwegian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland and Arild Moe, Climate Change in the North and the Oil Industry. FNI Report 9/2007. Lysaker, FNI, 2007, 21 p.

Skedsmo, Pål, 'Demokratisering og miljøkamp på Kolahalvøya' ('Democratisation and Environmentalism on the Kola Peninsula'). Norsk Antropologisk Tidsskrift, Vol 18, No 3-4, 2007, pp. 241-252. In Norwegian

Rowe, Lars, Geir Hønneland and Arild Moe, Evaluering av miljøvernsamarbeidet mellom Norge og Russland ('Evaluation of Norwegian-Russian Environmental Collaboration 1995-2006'). FNI Report 7/2007. Lysaker, FNI, 2007. 47 p, In Norwegian.

Korppoo, Anna and Svetlana Tashchilova, The Belarusian Amendment to Annex B: A Serious Commitment or Just Hot Air?. Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2007, 12 p.

Korppoo, Anna, Joint implementation in Russia and Ukraine: review of projects submitted to JISC. Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2007, 14 p.

Stokke, Olav Schram, Nordic Council of Ministers' Arctic Co-operation 2003-2005: An Evaluation / Nordisk Ministerråds Arktiske samarbeid 2003-2005 En evaluering. ANP report # 714 (English) and 713 (Norwegian). Copenhagen, Nordic Council of Ministers, 2007. 94 p. In English and Norwegian.

Inderberg, Tor Håkon, Den utenrikspolitiske håndteringen av Elektronsaken: Kompetent realpolitikk eller kompetansestrid? ('Norwegian Foreign Policy Handling of the Elektron Incident'). FNI Report 3/2007. Lysaker, FNI, 2007, 94 p. In Norwegian.

Kryukov, Valery and Arild Moe, 'Russia's Oil Industry: Risk Aversion in a Risk-Prone Environment'. Eurasian Geography and Economics, Vol 48, No 3, 2007, pp. 341-357.

Korppoo, Anna and Arild Moe, Russian JI Procedures: More Problems than Solutions? Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2007, 6 p.

Jensen, Leif Christian, 'Petroleum Discourse in the European Arctic: The Norwegian Case'. Polar Record, Vol 43, No 3, 2007, pp. 247-254.

Korppoo, Anna, Russian Voluntary Targets Proposal. Workshop Report. London, Climate Strategies, 2007, 5 p.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Norway and Russia in the Barents Sea: Cooperation and Conflict in Fisheries Management'. Russian Analytical Digest, No 20, 2007, pp. 9-11.

Korppoo, Anna and Arild Moe, Russian Climate Politics: Light at the End of the Tunnel? Briefing Paper. London, Climate Strategies, 2007, 10 p.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'A Legal Regime for the Arctic? Interplay with the Law of the Sea Convention'. Marine Policy, Vol 31, No 4, 2007, pp. 402-408.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, 'Forsvaret i nord – avskrekking og beroligelse' ('Defence Policy in the High North - Deterrence and Reassurance'). Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning, Vol 48, No 1, 2007, pp. 63-91. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, Jørgen Holten Jørgensen and Arild Moe, 'Miljøpersepsjoner i Nordvest-Russland: Problemoppfatninger knyttet til petroleumsutbygging i Barentshavet' ('Environmental Perceptions in North-Western Russia: Perspectives on Petroleum Development in the Barents Sea'). Internasjonal Politikk, Vol 65, No 1, 2007, pp. 7-22. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Øystein, The IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-Covered Waters: From Voluntary to Mandatory Tool for Navigation Safety and Environmental Protection? FNI Report 2/2007. Lysaker, FNI, 2007, 32 p.

Vidas, Davor, 'United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea'. In Riffenburgh, Beau (ed), Encyclopedia of the Antarctic. New York, Routledge, 2007, pp. 1017-1018.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Examining the Consequences of International Regimes'. In Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. London, Routledge, 2007, pp. 13-26.

Rowe, Lars and Geir Hønneland, 'Communicable Disease Control'. In Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. London, Routledge, 2007, pp. 50-77.

Stokke, Olav Schram, Geir Hønneland and Peter Johan Schei, 'Pollution and Conservation'. In Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. London, Routledge, 2007, pp. 78-111.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'International Institutions and Arctic Governance'. In Stokke, Olav Schram and Geir Hønneland (eds), International Cooperation and Arctic Governance: Regime Effectiveness and Northern Region Building. London, Routledge, 2007, pp. 164-185.



Commentary articles

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'Norge, Kina og samspill i Arktis' ('Norway, China and Arctic Interplay'), Aftenposten, 01.02.2012. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Arktiske utfordringer?' ('Arctic Challnges?'), Nordlys, 25.01.2012. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild, 'Po tonkomu l'du' ('On Thin Ice'), Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 13.12.2011. In Russian.

Korppoo, Anna, 'Viktige røster i salen: Russland: Økonomi i overgangsfase', Klima, 25.11.2011.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, 'Et sivilt forsvar i nord?' ('A Civilian Defence in the North?'), Nordlys, 07.11.2011. In Norwegian.

Skedsmo, Pål Wilter, 'Arbeidere i nord – foren eder' (Workers of the North - Unite!', Nordlys, 19.09.2011. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Hva skal vi med nordområdepolitikken?' ('What Do We Want with Our Policy on the High North?'), Nye Meninger, 16.06.2011. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Kampen om Nordpolen' ('Continental Shelf Claims and the North Pole'), Aftenposten, 31.05.2011. In Norwegian.

Rottem, Svein Vigeland, 'Stabilitet i nord' ('Stability in the High North'), Nordlys, 26.05.2011. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Kompromisskulturen i nord' ('Compromise Culture in the High North'), Nordlys, 21.02.2011. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild and Anne-Kristin Jørgensen, 'Delelinja – er alt nå på stell?' ('The Delimitation Line – Is Everything Now in Order?'), Nordlys, 07.12.2010. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Russiske norgesbilder' ('Russian Images of Norway'), Nordlys, 20.10.2010. In Norwegian.

Hønneland, Geir, 'Den russiske nordlendingen' ('The Russian Northerner'), Nordlys, 03.09.2010. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Leif Christian, 'Olje- og gasskompromiss i nord?' ('Compromise on Oil and Gas in the North?'), Nordlys, 23.07.2010. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Leif Christian and Svein Vigeland Rottem, 'NATO i nord?' ('NATO in the North?'), Nordlys, 15.06.2010. In Norwegian.

Jensen, Øystein, 'Grensesprengende - og uklart' ('Pathbreaking - and Unclear'), Dagens Næringsliv, 30.04.2010. In Norwegian.

Stokke, Olav Schram, 'En indre sirkel i Arktisk Råd?' ('An Inner Circle in the Arctic Council?'), Nordlys, 28.04.2010. In Norwegian.

Moe, Arild, 'Shtokman – fortsatt interessant' ('Shtokman – Still of Interest'), Nordlys, 29.03.2010. In Norwegian.

Rowe, Lars, 'Russland trenger ikke bistand' ('Russia Doesn't Need Aid'), Dagsavisen, 22.02.2010. In Norwegian.

Skedsmo, Pål Wilter, 'Elendige Russland' ('Miserable Russia'), Nordlys, 16.02.2010. In Norwegian.



See summaries page for more/older research publications
Top
FNI's focal points of research:

 Global governance and sustainable development
 Marine affairs and Law of the Sea
 Biodiversity and biosafety
 Polar and Russian politics
 European energy and environmental politics
 Chinese energy and environmental politics


Presentation brochure:

  Nordområdeforskning ved FNI ('FNI's Research on the High North'). (PDF, Norw, 0.6 Mb)


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Recent relevant FNI News:

Arktiske utfordringer ('Arctic Challenges') In Norwegian. (04.01.2012)

Norwegian-Russian Trade Union Co-operation Evaluated (22.09.2011)

FNI-artikkel om klima og sikkerhet i Arktis nominert til Årets tidsskriftartikkel 2010 ('FNI Article Nominated to the Norwegian Peer Review Article of the Year Prize for 2010'). In Norwegian. (01.06.2011)

Russisk svalbardpolitikk og russisk sivilsamfunn ('Russian Svalbard Policies and Russian Civil Society'). In Norwegian. (14.12.2010)

Nordområdebiblioteket lansert ('High North Library Bookseries Launched'). In Norwegian. (30.11.2010)

Nordområdesatsingen: Kunnskapsdimensjonen vinner ('The High North Initiative: Knowledge is the Winner'). In Norwegian (26.11.2010)

Borderland Russians (03.09.2010)

- Delelinjeavtalen viktig for Norge og Arktis ('- Barents Sea Delimitation Agreement Important for Norway and the Arctic') In Norwegian (30.04.2010)

Nordområdene – Hva nå? ('The High North – What Now?'). In Norwegian. (08.04.10)

Olav Schram Stokke Obtains Dr. philos. degree on International Regime Effectiveness, with Barents Sea Fisheries Case Study (19.03.2010)


Recent media coverage:

'Norway may shut China out of the Arctic Council - source', The Voice of Russia, 30.01.2012.

'Arctic ice melt lifts hopes for Russian maritime trade', Reuters, 27.01.2012.

'Norge vil stenge Kina ute fra Arktisk Råd' ('Norway Wants to Shut China out from the Arctic Council'), Aftenposten, 25.01.2012. In Norwegian.

'Norges nei' ('Norway's No'), Finnmark Dagblad, 29.12.2011. In Norwegian.

'Norge vil endre fiskeriavtale' ('Norway Wants to Change Fisheries Agreement'), Nordlys, 28.12.2011. In Norwegian.

'Norge sier nei til fiskeriavtale' ('Norway says No to Fisheries Agreement'), NRK, 28.12.2011. In Norwegian.

'Professor: – Kan bli vanskelig å endre russisk avtale' ('Professor Says it May Be Difficult to Change Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Agreement'), NRK, 19.12.2011. In Norwegian.

'Hvor mye vinner Putins parti?' ('By How Much Will Putin's Party Win?'), NRK, 04.12.2011. In Norwegian.

'International perspectives on the High North', GeoPolitics in the High North, 25.11.2011.

'Et militært forsvar i nord' (' A Military Defence in the North'), Nordlys, 28.11.2011. In Norwegian.

'Dempet forventning' ('Lowered Expectations'), Folkebladet, 21.11.2011. In Norwegian.

Arild Moe: 'Én måned til Shtokman-deadline' ('One Month until Shtokman Deadline'), Teknisk Ukeblad, 09.11.2011. In Norwegian.

'Lukoil eyes ex-disputed area', BarentsNova, 20.09.2011.

'Statoils risikojeger' (Statoil's Risk Hunter'), Budstikka, 07.09.2011. In Norwegian.

'Russlands største oljeselskap med en fot på norsk sokkel' ('Russland Largest Oil Company Gains Foothold on the Norwegian Continental Shelf'), E24, 16.08.2011. In Norwegian.

'Issmelting åpner handelsruter' ('Ice Melt Opens Trade Routes'), NRK, 04.08.2011. In Norwegian.

'Sevmorput: Produkt glubokoj razmorozki' ('The Northern Sea Route: The Product of Profound Defrost'), BFM.ru, 07.07.2011. In Russian.

'Ingen Barents-aktivitet før 2013' ('No Barents Activity until 2013'), Teknisk Ukeblad, 15.06.2011. In Norwegian.

'Warmer Seas – New Challenges', AlphaGalileo, 18.05.2011.

'Driven by Economic Concerns, Russia Takes Steps to Go Green', Deutsche Welle, 03.05.2011. Also published in German, Spanish and Chinese.

'Bez ostanovki' ('Without Stop'), Expert.ru, 18.04.2011. In Russian.

'V tovarischakh soglase est' ('Agreement among comrades'), Expert.ru, 18.04.2011. In Russian.

'- Statoil vil slite med å tjene penger på Stockman' ('- Statoil Will Have a Hard Time Earning Money on Shtokman'), E24, 03.04.2011. In Norwegian.

'Varmere hav – nye utfordringer' ('A Warmer Ocean – New Challenges'), forskning.no, 22.03.2011. In Norwegian.

'Vennskap som skal bli gull verd' ('Valuable Friendship'), Aftenposten, 01.03.2011. In Norwegian.

'Avviser nok en Shtokman-utsettelse' ('Statoil Denies another Shtokman Postponement'), Teknisk Ukeblad, 22.02.2011. In Norwegian.

'Arkticheskiy transit' ('Arctic Transit'), ChinaPRO, 21.02.2011. In Russian.

'Grenselinjen i Stortinget tirsdag' ('Norwegian-Russian Delimitation Line to Be Approved by the Norwegian Parliament on Tuesday'), Dagsavisen, 05.02.2011. In Norwegian.

'Russiske fiskere kan sette stopper for historisk avtale'('Russian Fishermen May Set Stop to Historic Agreement'), NRK, 31.01.2011. In Norwegian.

'- For mye å spare til å la være' (- To Much to Save to Refrain'), Petromaritim, 27.01.2011. In Norwegian.

'Utsetter bonanzaen i nord' ('Postpones Arctic Bonanza'), Mandag Morgen, 23.01.2011. In Norwegian.

'Der 9-Billionen-Dollar-Schatz unter dem Eis' ('The 9-Billion Dollar Treasure Under the Ice'), Frankfurt Allgemeine Zeitung, 20.01.2011. In German.

'Russians want access to Norwegian oil', Barents Observer, 04.01.2011.

'Russerne vil inn i norsk olje' ('The Russians Want to Participate in Norwegian Petroleum Production'), Teknisk Ukeblad, 03.01.2011. In Norwegian.

'Norske forskere dømmer skibsfragt nord om Rusland ude' ('Norwegian Researchers Deem Maritime Transport North of Russia Unrealistic'), Ingeniøren, 03.01.2011. In Danish.

'Tvilende til arktiske sjøruter' ('Norwegian Russia Experts Doubts Commercialization of Arctic Searoutes), NTB, 29.12.2010. In Norwegian.

'Pessimism om arktisk vattenväg' ('Pessimism on Prospects of Arctic Searoute'), DN.se, 29.12.2010. In Swedish.

'Eksperter tror ikke på arktiske søruter' ('Experts Don't Believe in Arctic Sea Routes'), Børsen, 29.12.2010. In Danish.

'- Dommen svekker Russlands omdømme' ('- The Khodorkovsky Verdict Worsens Russia's Reputation'), NRK, 27.12.2010. In Norwegian.

'Kritisk til russisk milliardeventyr' ('Americans Sceptic about Norway's Shtokman Adventure'), Aftenposten, 21.12.2010. In Norwegian.

'Kompromiss-kultur berget torsken i Barentshavet' ('A Culture of Compromise Saved the Barents Sea Cod'), Norwegian Research Council News, 13.12.2010. In Norwegian.

'Ryssland – ett perifert land?' ('Russia – A Peripheral Country?'), diVERse, 26.10.2010. In Swedish.

'Nordområdesatsingen: Kunnskapsdimensjonen vinner ' ('The High North Initiative: Knowledge is the Winner'), Norwegian Research Council News, 24.11.2010. In Norwegian.

'Vil sikre Europa eigen gass' ('Will Provide Europe with Its Own Gas'), forskning.no, 14.10.2010. In Norwegian.

'Arctic geopolitics', Panorama, Russia Today (web-tv), 27.09.2010. In Arabic.

'Primernye sosedi' ('Exemplary neighbours'), Expert.ru, 27.09.2010. In Russian.

'Will Arctic dispute stay out of military conflict?', Russia Today, 22.09.2010.

'Hvor går bjørnen i øst?' ('Where is the Eastern Bear Going?'), Petro.no, 17.09.2010. In Norwegian.

'Norge får mye mindre enn Russland' ('Norway Gets Far Less than Russia'), Teknisk Ukeblad, 15.09.2010. In Norwegian.

'I storpolitikkens klør' ('In the Claws of High Politics'), Aftenposten, 15.09.2010. In Norwegian.

'Missiya vipolnima' ('Mission Possible'), Expert.ru, 06.09.2010. In Russian.

'Borderland Russians', Science Daily, 03.09.2010.

'Inondations et canicule peuvent relancer le dialogue climatique' ('Floods and Heat Waves Can Restart Climate Dialogue'), L'Express, 17.08.2010. In French.

'Analysis: Extreme weather unlikely to help climate talks', Reuters, 17.08.2010.

'LNG på Shtokman forblir en drøm' ('Shtokman LNG Remains a Dream'), Dagens Næringsliv, 09.08.2010. In Norwegian.

'Energiforsker: Tøffere for Russlands naboer' ('Energy Researcher: Tougher Times Ahead for Russia's Neighbours'), Research Council of Norway News, 23.06.2010. In Norwegian.

'CIA om omstridt område: Åtte milliarder fat olje' ('CIA on Disputed Area: Eight Billion Barrels of Oil'), Petroarctic, 14.05.2010. In Norwegian.

'Ryska framtidsplaner i Arktis' ('Russian Future Plans for the Arctic'), Hela Gotland, 06.05.2010. In Swedish.

'Rossiya prirosla arkticheskim shel'fom' ('Russia Has Grown with Its Continental Shelf'), BN.RU Gazeta, 30.04.2010. In Russian.

'Olje kan ha skapt enighet' ('Oil May Have Led to Agreement'), Dagsavisen, 28.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Vet ikke hvor store rikdommer som venter i nord' ('Don't Know What Riches Awaits in the North'), E24, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Ros til Jonas og Jens' ('Jonas Gahr Støre and Jens Stoltenberg Praised'), Vestby Avis, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Har vært en verkebyll for Norge' ('Barents Sea Delimitation Issue Has Been a Aching Wound for Norway'), ABC Nyheter, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Nå blir det ny oljekamp' ('There Will Be a Fresh Fight over Petroleum'), ABC Nyheter, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Derfor skåler de i champagne for delelinjen' ('Why Northern Norway Brings out the Champagne over Delimitation Agreement'), VG, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'- Et mentalt gjennombrudd' ('A Mental Breakthrough'), Nettavisen, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'– Et formidabelt gjennombrudd' ('A Veritable Breakthrough'), Adressavisen, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Tror på utbygging om 15 år' ('Believes in Petroleum Development in 15 Years'), Finnmark Dagblad, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'– Det har vært en god dag på jobben' ('It's Been a Good Day at Work'), TV2, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Åpner for mulig olje-bonanza' ('Will Open up for a Possible Oil Bonanza'), Dagens Næringsliv, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Her er reaksjonene' ('These Are the Reactions'), Nordlys, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'- Er trolig enorme gassressurser der' ('- The Areas Probably Contain Vast Gas Resources'), Dagbladet, 27.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'President Medvedev – i Putins maktskygge' (President Medvedev – in Putin's Shadow'), VG, 25.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Norway needs to enhance scientific cooperation with Russia', BarentsObserver, 15.04.2010.

'Mener samarbeid med Russland må styrkes' ('Thinks Cooperation with Russia Should Be Strengthened'), forskning.no, 15.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'- Mer trøblete for norske forskere i Russland' ('More Troublesome for Norwegian Researchers in Russia'), forskning.no, 14.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Tiden for norsk bistand til Russland er forbi' ('The Era of Norwegian Aid to Russia Is Over'), NRK, 13.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Forarget over «Barentsbistand»' ('Angry Over «Barents Aid»'), Finnmarken, 12.04.2010. In Norwegian.

'Svarte om Moskva-bombene' ('Heidi Kjærnet Answered Questions on Moscow Bombings'), Aftenposten, 30.03.2010. In Norwegian.

'Europa trenger gass fra Sibir' ('Europe Needs Siberian Gas'), forskning.no, 29.03.2010. In Norwegian.

'Støre avviser at Russland holdes utenfor i Arktis' ('Støre Denies Russia Is Being Kept Outside in the Arctic'), VG, 18.03.2010. In Norwegian.

'Svalbardtraktaten 90 år' ('Svalbard Treaty Turns 90'), Svalbardposten, 09.02.2010. In Norwegian.

'No scramble for the Arctic – yet', European Energy Review, 22.01.2010.

'Svart gull i aust' ('Black Gold in the East'), Research Council of Norway News, 11.01.2010. In Norwegian.

'Research Report Foresees No 'Armed Mad Dash for Resources' in the Arctic', ScienceDaily, 04.01.2010.

'No Armed Conflict Over the Arctic', Softpedia, 04.01.2010.

'Ikke verdt å gå til krig om ressurser i Arktis' ('Not Worth It to Go to War over Arctic Resources'), VG, 02.01.2010. In Norwegian.



Fridtjof Nansen Institute
P.O. Box 326, 1326 Lysaker, Norway. Tel: (+47) 67111900 / E-mail: post (+@fni.no)