FNI Policy Brief 1/2025. Lysaker, Fridtjof Nansen Institute, January 2025, 3 p.
Key points:
- China’s long-term policies have given it a dominant position in the mineral supply chain.
- Reducing dependency on China creates challenges for the green transition and risks for Norway’s defense industry.
- Mineral resource planning in China is becoming less transparent.
- The US and EU have implemented strategies to reduce dependence on China.
- China is willing to impose tit-for-tat export controls, it stockpiles mineral reserves and is diversifying its supply.
- China enhances domestic production by reducing waste and implementing new technologies.
