Simone Abram, Tor Håkon Jackson Inderberg and Tanja Winther

Include Results and recommendations 01/2025, 11 p.

Key findings

  • Norway and the UK deregulated early, but their household pricing systems took different paths. This is especially visible in how prices are communicated.

  • Electricity is considered a basic necessity in both countries, and governments intervened during the 2021–22 price surge.

  • Market principles were set aside to protect the public and maintain trust.

  • Future systems should prevent energy poverty, reduce exposure to price shocks and encourage energy-saving behaviour.